BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ó




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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                       SB 1466|
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                                UNFINISHED BUSINESS 


          Bill No:  SB 1466
          Author:   Mitchell (D) 
          Amended:  8/15/16  
          Vote:     21 

           SENATE HEALTH COMMITTEE:  9-0, 4/6/16
           AYES:  Hernandez, Nguyen, Hall, Mitchell, Monning, Nielsen,  
            Pan, Roth, Wolk

           SENATE HUMAN SERVICES COMMITTEE:  5-0, 4/12/16
           AYES:  McGuire, Berryhill, Hancock, Liu, Nguyen

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE:  7-0, 5/27/16
           AYES:  Lara, Bates, Beall, Hill, McGuire, Mendoza, Nielsen

           SENATE FLOOR:  39-0, 6/2/16
           AYES:  Allen, Anderson, Bates, Beall, Berryhill, Block,  
            Cannella, De León, Fuller, Gaines, Galgiani, Glazer, Hall,  
            Hancock, Hernandez, Hertzberg, Hill, Hueso, Huff, Jackson,  
            Lara, Leno, Leyva, Liu, McGuire, Mendoza, Mitchell, Monning,  
            Moorlach, Morrell, Nguyen, Nielsen, Pan, Pavley, Roth, Stone,  
            Vidak, Wieckowski, Wolk
           NO VOTE RECORDED:  Runner

           ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  79-0, 8/23/16 - See last page for vote
           
           SUBJECT:   Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and  
                     Treatment Program:  trauma screening


          SOURCE:    Californians for Safety and Justice
                     Youth Law Center
          
          DIGEST:   This bill requires screening services provided under  
          the Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment  








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          Program (EPSDT) to include screening for trauma, as defined.


          Assembly Amendments delete the requirement that a child who is  
          removed from the custody or care of his or her parent or legal  
          guardian to be assessed by the county mental health plan for  
          specialty mental health services, and modify the definition of  
          "trauma" in this bill.


          ANALYSIS:
               
          Existing law:

          1)Establishes the Medi-Cal program, administered by the  
            Department of Health Care Services (DHCS), under which  
            qualified low-income individuals receive health care services.

          2)Establishes a schedule of benefits under the Medi-Cal program,  
            which includes EPSDT for any individual under 21 years of age,  
            consistent with federal Medicaid requirements. Defines,  
            through regulation, "screening services" for purposes of EPSDT  
            to mean:

             a)   An initial, periodic, or additional health assessment of  
               a Medi-Cal eligible individual under 21 years of age  
               provided in accordance with the requirements of the Child  
               Health and Disability Prevention (CHDP) program; 
             b)   A health assessment, examination, or evaluation of a  
               Medi-Cal eligible individual under 21 years of age by a  
               licensed health care professional acting within his or her  
               scope of practice, at intervals other than the CHDP  
               intervals, to determine the existence of physical or mental  
               illnesses or conditions; or
             c)   Any other encounter with a licensed health care  
               professional that results in the determination of the  
               existence of a suspected illness or condition or a change  
               or complication in a condition for a Medi-Cal eligible  
               person under 21 years of age.

          3)Requires mental health plans to provide specialty mental  
            health services to eligible Medi-Cal beneficiaries, including  








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            both adults and children. Includes EPSDT within the scope of  
            specialty mental health services for eligible Medi-Cal  
            beneficiaries under the age of 21 pursuant to federal Medicaid  
            law.

          4)Requires DHCS, in collaboration with the California Health and  
            Human Services Agency, and in consultation with the Mental  
            Health Services Oversight and Accountability Commission, to  
            create a plan for a performance outcome system for EPSDT  
            mental health services provided to eligible Medi-Cal  
            beneficiaries under the age of 21 
          
          This bill:
          
          1)Requires, consistent with federal law, screening services  
            provided under the EPSDT benefit include screening for trauma  
            consistent with the protocols DHCS develops under this bill.



          2)Defines  "trauma," as used in this section, means the result  
            of an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is  
            experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally  
            harmful or threatening and that has lasting adverse effects on  
            the individual's functioning and physical, social, emotional,  
            or spiritual well-being.





          3)Requires DHCS, in consultation with the Department of Social  
            Services (DSS), behavioral health experts, child welfare  
            experts, and stakeholders, to adopt, employ, and develop, as  
            appropriate, tools and protocols for the screening of children  
            for trauma, consistent with existing law and this bill.



          4)Permits DHCS to implement, interpret, or make specific this  
            bill by means of all-county letters, plan letters, plan or  
            provider bulletins, or similar instructions, without taking  








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            regulatory action. 




          Comments
          
          1)Author's statement.  According to the author, adverse  
            childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events  
            that can have negative, lasting effects on health and  
            well-being. These experiences range from physical, emotional,  
            or sexual abuse to parental divorce or the incarceration of a  
            parent or guardian. A growing body of research has sought to  
            quantify the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and  
            illuminate their connection with negative behavioral and  
            health outcomes, such as obesity, alcoholism, and depression,  
            later in life. 
            Children in foster care have suffered from abuse, neglect or  
            exploitation, and have suffered secondary trauma as a result  
            of being removed from their parents. Research clearly shows  
            that nearly all children associated with Child Welfare systems  
            have an underlying condition of complex trauma as a result of  
            an adverse childhood experience.  At a minimum this underlying  
            condition contributes to the poor outcomes - social,  
            educational and health - for foster children. This bill  
            requires that existing screenings under EPSDT to include a  
            trauma screen. Additionally, this bill includes child abuse  
            and neglect and removal from the home by a child welfare  
            agency as evidence of trauma.
          
          2)EPSDT. The EPSDT benefit provides comprehensive screening,  
            diagnostic, treatment, and preventive health care services for  
            children under age 21 who are enrolled in Medi-Cal, and is key  
            to ensuring that children who are eligible for EPSDT services  
            receive appropriate preventive, dental, mental health,  
            developmental, and specialty services. Federal Medicaid law  
            defines the EPSDT benefit to include a comprehensive array of  
            preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services for low-income  
            children under age 21. States are required to provide coverage  
            of any services listed in a section of the federal Medicaid  
            Act to children who are eligible for EPSDT services when the  
            services are determined to be medically necessary to correct  








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            or ameliorate any physical or behavioral conditions. The EPSDT  
            benefit is more robust than the Medi-Cal benefit package  
            provided to adults and is designed to ensure that eligible  
            children receive early detection and preventive care in  
            addition to medically necessary treatment services, so that  
            health problems are averted or diagnosed and treated as early  
            as possible.

            Medi-Cal managed care plans are required to cover and ensure  
            the provision of screening, preventive, and medically  
            necessary diagnostic and treatment services for individuals  
            under the age of 21 (including EPSDT), except certain services  
            are "carved out" of the plan. For individuals enrolled in  
            Medi-Cal managed care, the Medi-Cal managed care is  
            responsible for "mild to moderate" mental health coverage,  
            while more severe mental health conditions are "carved out"  
            and are the responsibility of the county specialty mental  
            health plan (MHP).

          3)Specialty mental health "carve out." The Medi-Cal Specialty  
            Mental Health Services Program is "carved-out" of the broader  
            Medi-Cal program and is administered by DHCS under a federal  
            waiver approved by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid  
            Services (CMS). DHCS contracts with an MHP in each county to  
            provide or arrange for the provision of Medi-Cal specialty  
            mental health services. All MHPs are county mental health  
            departments. Specialty mental health services are a Medi-Cal  
            entitlement services for adults and children that meet medical  
            necessity criteria, which consist of having a specific covered  
            diagnosis, functional impairment, and meeting intervention  
            criteria. MHPs must certify that they incurred a cost before  
            seeking federal reimbursement through claims to the State.  
            MHPs are responsible for the non-federal share of Medi-Cal  
            specialty mental health services. Mental health services for  
            Medi-Cal beneficiaries who do not meet the criteria for  
            specialty mental health services are provided under the  
            broader Medi-Cal program either through managed care plans (by  
            primary care providers within their scope of practice) or  
            fee-for-service (for children exempt from mandatory enrollment  
            in Medi-Cal managed care). Children's specialty mental health  
            services are provided under the federal requirements of EPSDT  
            benefit, which is available to full-scope beneficiaries under  








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            age 21.
          
          FISCAL EFFECT:   Appropriation:    No          Fiscal  
          Com.:YesLocal:   No

          According to the Assembly Appropriations Committee:

          Staff assumes the state would be responsible for any nonfederal  
          share of costs under this bill based on the requirements of  
          Article XIII, Section 36 of the California Constitution  
          (Proposition 30), which states new legislation that increases  
          costs already borne by a local agency for programs mandated for  
          2011 Realignment shall apply to local agencies only to the  
          extent the state provides annual funding for the cost increase.   
          EPSDT specialty mental health services were included in 2011  
          Realignment. 


          1)Costs, likely in the millions annually for additional  
            screening and assessment services provided to  
            Medi-Cal-eligible children, including foster children  
            (GF/federal).


          2)Depending how screening is operationalized and the take-up of  
            services, state costs for additional specialty mental health  
            services for children who screen positive and receive  
            specialty mental health services could be significant.  For  
            every thousand children who receive specialty mental health  
            services, the state would incur about $6 million in costs  
            annually. Costs associated with a significantly higher  
            referral rate to specialty mental health services could cost  
            in tens or hundreds of millions of dollars (GF/federal).   


            The state could also experience unknown additional cost  
            pressure for provision of additional mental health services  
            for mild to moderate diagnoses through Medi-Cal managed care  
            plans (GF/federal). 


          3)To the extent increased provision of mental health services to  








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            Medi-Cal-eligible children results in improved social,  
            emotional and health outcomes, the state could experience some  
            unknown reductions in Medi-Cal costs over the long term,  
            associated with reductions in higher-cost behavioral health  
            treatment services such as psychiatric hospitalizations  
            (GF/federal).


          4)DHCS and DSS will incur minor staff costs to consult with  
            stakeholders and provide guidance to operationalize the  
            required trauma screening (GF/federal). 




          SUPPORT:   (Verified8/19/16)




          Californians for Safety and Justice (co-source)


          Youth Law Center (co-source)
          Advokids
          Alliance for Children's Rights
          California Alliance of Child and Family Services
          California Pan-Ethnic Health Network
          Children Now
          County Welfare Directors Association of California
          Fight Crime Invest in Kids California
          Futures Without Violence
          National Health Law Program
          San Luis Obispo County Department of Social Services
          Western Center on Law and Poverty
          Youth Law Center


          OPPOSITION:   (Verified8/19/16)


          Department of Finance








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          ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT:  Californians for Safety and Justice (CSJ)  
          writes in support that this bill ensures that medical  
          professionals conducting already mandated health screenings look  
          for signs of trauma to ensure that children who have suffered  
          trauma receive the care they need - care they are legally  
          entitled to receive. In light of the overwhelming evidence  
          confirming the traumatic nature of child abuse and neglect and  
          the secondary trauma of removal from one's home - this measure  
          unambiguously establishes that foster children have suffered  
          trauma and should be assessed for appropriate EPSDT services.  
          CSJ states the State has the legal and moral obligation to act  
          as the parent of all children in the child welfare system, and  
          this bill is consistent with long-standing policies that ensure  
          children in the child welfare system receive the best possible  
          care that will help them thrive as adults. 

          The San Luis Obispo County Department of Social Services  
          (SLOCDSS) writes in support that it serves, in conjunction with  
          its partners in the County Probation Department, over 300 foster  
          children who have experienced abuse or neglect that spans the  
          spectrum of severity. SLOCDSS states it has encountered  
          difficulties in ensuring that these children receive the  
          therapeutic services they need, as mental health providers  
          debate with one another over the relative severity of the trauma  
          these children have endured. Too often, these  
          children-especially those who suffered secondary trauma as a  
          result of being removed from their caregivers-are shuffled back  
          and forth between unresponsive systems of care, are denied the  
          therapy they need to heal from the impacts of trauma and  
          ultimately suffer the cumulative effects of untreated trauma as  
          they transition to adulthood. 
          
          ARGUMENTS IN OPPOSITION:  The Department of Finance writes in  
          opposition to the previous version of this bill, arguing this  
          bill would result in significant General Fund costs not included  
          in the 2016 Budget Act, and this bill may duplicate some  
          existing data efforts. Currently, federal Medicaid regulations  
          require states to perform external quality reviews of county  
          Medi-Cal Specialty Mental Health Services annually. It is  
          unclear if the foster youth segment would not already be  
          included in the EQRO's overall review of county mental health  








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          plans.



           ASSEMBLY FLOOR:  79-0, 8/23/16
           AYES: Achadjian, Alejo, Travis Allen, Arambula, Atkins, Baker,  
            Bigelow, Bloom, Bonilla, Bonta, Brough, Brown, Burke,  
            Calderon, Campos, Chang, Chau, Chávez, Chiu, Chu, Cooley,  
            Cooper, Dababneh, Dahle, Daly, Dodd, Eggman, Frazier, Beth  
            Gaines, Gallagher, Cristina Garcia, Eduardo Garcia, Gatto,  
            Gipson, Gomez, Gonzalez, Gordon, Grove, Hadley, Harper, Roger  
            Hernández, Holden, Irwin, Jones, Jones-Sawyer, Kim, Lackey,  
            Levine, Linder, Lopez, Low, Maienschein, Mathis, Mayes,  
            McCarty, Medina, Melendez, Mullin, Nazarian, Obernolte,  
            O'Donnell, Olsen, Patterson, Quirk, Ridley-Thomas, Rodriguez,  
            Salas, Santiago, Steinorth, Mark Stone, Thurmond, Ting,  
            Wagner, Waldron, Weber, Wilk, Williams, Wood, Rendon
           NO VOTE RECORDED: Gray




          Prepared by:Scott Bain / HEALTH / (916) 651-4111
          8/23/16 19:54:39


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