BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       



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          |SENATE RULES COMMITTEE            |                  SB 1386|
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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 1386
          Author:   Lowenthal (D), et al
          Amended:  5/27/08
          Vote:     21

           
           SEN. TRANSPORTATION & HOUSING COMMITTEE :  10-1, 4/1/08
          AYES:  Lowenthal, Ashburn, Cedillo, Corbett, Harman, Kehoe,  
            Oropeza, Simitian, Torlakson, Yee
          NOES:  McClintock
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Dutton

           SENATE GOVERNMENTAL ORG. COMMITTEE  :  9-1, 4/15/08
          AYES:  Florez, Denham, Maldonado, Negrete McLeod, Padilla,  
            Vincent, Wiggins, Wyland, Yee
          NOES:  Battin

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  9-3, 5/22/08
          AYES:  Torlakson, Ashburn, Cedillo, Corbett, Florez, Kuehl,  
            Oropeza, Simitian, Yee
          NOES:  Cox, Aanestad, Dutton
          NO VOTE RECORDED:  Ridley-Thomas, Runner, Wyland


           SUBJECT  :    Carbon monoxide alarms

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires that a carbon monoxide alarm  
          be installed in every dwelling intended for human occupancy  
          that has a fossil fuel burning appliance, fireplace, or  
          attached garage.
                                                           CONTINUED





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           ANALYSIS  :    The California Building Standards Law  
          establishes the California Building Standards Commission  
          (BSC) and the process for adopting state building  
          standards.  Under this process, relevant state agencies  
          propose amendments to model building codes, which the BSC  
          must then adopt, modify, or reject.  The Department of  
          Housing and Community Development is the relevant state  
          agency for residential building standards.

          Building standards are generally prospective in that they  
          only apply to new construction or to existing buildings  
          that undergo alteration or rehabilitation.  There are a few  
          exceptions to this rule, however.  Current law requires  
          that all water heaters in existing residential structures  
          be braced, anchored, or strapped to resist falling or  
          horizontal displacement due to earthquake motion.  Current  
          law also requires that smoke detectors be installed in all  
          existing multifamily residential dwellings and in single  
          family dwellings which are sold.  To comply with the smoke  
          detector statute, an affected residential property owner  
          must install a smoke detector approved and listed by the  
          State Fire Marshal (SFM).

          With respect to multifamily rental housing, the smoke  
          detector must be operable at the time that a tenant takes  
          possession.  The tenant is then responsible for notifying  
          the owner if the smoke detector becomes inoperable.  The  
          owner must correct any reported deficiencies in the smoke  
          detector but is not in violation of the law if he or she  
          has not received notice of any deficiency.  An owner may  
          enter the unit for the purpose of installing, repairing,  
          testing, and maintaining the detector provided that  
          standard notice is provided.  Failure to comply is an  
          infraction punishable by a maximum fine of $200 for each  
          offense.

          With respect to single-family housing, a seller must  
          provide a buyer as soon as practicable prior to the sale  
          with a written statement indicating that the home is in  
          compliance with the smoke detector statute.  Real estate  
          agents and other agents to the transaction, however, are  
          not required to monitor or ensure compliance with the law.   
          Moreover, third-party agents to the transaction are not  







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          held liable for any error, inaccuracy, or omission relating  
          to the disclosure, except that a real estate agent may be  
          held liable where he or she participates in the making of  
          the disclosure with actual knowledge of the falsity of the  
          disclosure.  The exclusive remedy for failure to comply is  
          an award of actual damages up to $100.  A transfer of title  
          may not be invalidated on the basis of a failure to comply.

          This bill requires that a carbon monoxide alarm be  
          installed in every dwelling intended for human occupancy  
          that has a fossil fuel burning appliance, fireplace, or  
          attached garage.  Specifically, the bill:

           1.Defines a carbon monoxide alarm as an alarm designed to  
             detect carbon monoxide and produce a distinct, audible  
             alarm.  The alarm must conform to specified national  
             consensus standards and come in one of the following  
             forms:

             A.    Battery-powered.

             B.    Plug-in with battery backup.

             C.    hard wired in to the dwelling's electrical system  
                if equipped with a battery backup.

             D.    Connected to a more comprehensive monitoring  
                system via a panel.

             E.    Combined with a smoke detector into a single unit  
                if the alarms clearly differentiate between smoke and  
                carbon monoxide.

           2.Requires the SFM, in consultation with the Board of Fire  
             Services and the Air Resources Board, to adopt any  
             regulations or standards necessary to control the  
             quality and installation of carbon monoxide alarms and  
             provides that if standards are updated in the future, a  
             building owner shall not have to install a new alarm  
             unless a building permit for work in excess of $1,000 is  
             requested.

           3.Requires the SFM to develop a process for the approval  
             and listing of carbon monoxide alarms and allows him or  







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             her to charge a fee to manufacturers to cover associated  
             costs.

           4.Prohibits the marketing, distribution, and sale of  
             carbon monoxide alarms that are not listed and approved  
             by the SFM.

           5.Requires than an approved carbon monoxide alarm be  
             installed in each dwelling intended for human occupancy  
             that has a fossil fuel burning appliance, fireplace, or  
             attached garage according to the following schedule:

             A.    In new units issued a certificate of occupancy  
                after July 1, 2009.

             B.    Upon application for a building permit requested  
                after July 1, 2009, if the value of the work covered  
                by the permit is in excess of $1,000.

             C.    For all other dwellings built on or after July 1,  
                2010.

             D.    For all dwelling units sold on or after July 1,  
                2010.

           6.Allows local governments to adopt ordinances requiring  
             carbon monoxide alarms in dwellings intended for human  
             occupancy if the ordinance satisfies the minimum  
             requirements of the bill and is consistent with this  
             bill.

           7.Provides that failure to install an approved alarm by  
             the required deadline is an infraction.  An owner shall  
             first be given a 30-day notice to correct the violation  
             and thereafter is subject to a fine of $200 for each  
             offense.  Such fines are levied by local fire marshals  
             or fire departments or, in cases where the local  
             government has adopted an ordinance to that effect, by  
             the local building or code enforcement departments.

           8.Requires the owner of a rental dwelling to test and  
             maintain carbon monoxide alarms within the unit.  The  
             alarm must be operable at the time that the tenant takes  
             possession.  The tenant is then responsible for  







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             periodically testing the alarm and notifying the owner  
             if the alarm becomes inoperable.  The owner must correct  
             any reported deficiencies in the alarm but is not in  
             violation of the law if he or she has not received  
             notice of any deficiency.

           9.On and after July 1, 2009, requires a seller of a  
             single-family home, factory-built home, condominium,  
             duplex, stock cooperative, or time-share unit to provide  
             a buyer as soon as practicable prior to the sale with a  
             written statement indicating that the home is in  
             compliance with the carbon monoxide alarm statute.

          10.Provides that the real estate agents and other agents to  
             a sales transaction are not required to monitor or  
             ensure compliance with the law.

          11.Provides that third-party agents to a sales transaction  
             are not held liable for any error, inaccuracy, or  
             omission relating to the disclosure, except that a real  
             estate agent may be held liable where he or she  
             participates in the making of the disclosure with actual  
             knowledge of the falsity of the disclosure.

          12.Provides that the exclusive remedy for failure to  
             disclose is an award of actual damages up to $100 and  
             that a transfer of title may not be invalidated on the  
             basis of a failure to disclose.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  Yes

          According to the Senate Appropriations Committee:

                          Fiscal Impact (in thousands)

           Major Provisions             2008-09             2009-10          
              2010-11             Fund

           SFM regulations/              $10                            
                                             General
          standards 

           SUPPORT  :   (Verified  5/27/08)







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          AARP
          American Federation of State, County and Municipal  
          Employees
          California Coalition for Children's Safety and Health
          California Fire Chiefs Association
          California Industrial Hygiene Council
          California Retailers Association
          California State Firefighters Association
          Carbon Monoxide Safety and Health Association
          Fire Districts Association of California
          Friends of the Earth
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 6  
          (San Francisco)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 180  
          (Napa/Solano)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 302  
          (Contra Costa)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 340 
            (Sacramento/Redding)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 441  
          (Orange)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 551  
          (North Coast)
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 595  
          (Alameda/San 
            Joaquin/Calaveras) 
          International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 617  
          (San Mateo)
          KIDDE
          National Electrical Manufacturers Association
          National Fire Protection Association
          Residential Fire Safety Institute
          Safe Kids California
          Sempra Energy
          State Association of Electrical Workers
          Western Council on Law and Poverty

           ARGUMENTS IN SUPPORT  :    The Air Resources Board estimates  
          that every year in California carbon monoxide poisoning  
          accounts for between 30 and 40 deaths, between 175 and 700  
          emergency room and hospital visits, and possibly thousands  
          of illnesses.  According to the author's office, these  
          deaths and illnesses are preventable through the use of  







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          carbon monoxide alarms.  The author's office further states  
          that carbon monoxide alarms provide a vital, highly  
          effective, and low-cost protection against carbon monoxide  
          poisoning, and equipping every home with two carbon  
          monoxide alarms would cut accident-related costs by 93  
          percent.  Sixteen states and a number of large cities have  
          already passed laws mandating the use of carbon monoxide  
          alarms.  The author's office believes that adopting such a  
          mandate in California will significantly improve public  
          health.


          JJA:cm  5/27/08   Senate Floor Analyses 

                         SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  SEE ABOVE

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