BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    







                      SENATE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC SAFETY
                           Senator Carole Migden, Chair              A
                             2005-2006 Regular Session               B

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          AB 1882 (Frommer)                                          2
          As Introduced January 23, 2006 
          Hearing date:  June 27, 2006
          Penal Code
          SM:mc

                           LOS ANGELES WORLD AIRPORT POLICE  

                                       HISTORY

          Source:  Laborers International Union of North America, Local  
                   777/California State Council of Laborers

          Prior Legislation: None

          Support: Peace Officer Research Association of California;  
                   Janice Hahn, Los Angeles City Councilwoman; Los Angeles  
                   Airport Police Command Officers' Association; Los  
                   Angeles World Airports, Board of Airport Commissioners;  
                   Southern California District Council of Laborers;  
                   Laborers International Union of North America; Northern  
                   California District Council of Laborers; California  
                   State Council of Laborers; LAX Airline Airport Affairs  
                   Committee; Los Angeles General Services Police  
                   Officers' Association; Strategic Committee of Public  
                   Employees, Laborers International Union of North  
                   America; Inglewood Partners for Progress; Inglewood  
                   Airport Area Chamber of Commerce; Gateway to LA Airport  
                   Business District; Los Angeles International Airport  
                   Advisory Committee; El Segundo Chamber of Commerce;  
                   Valley Industry & Commerce Association; Van Nuys  
                   Airport Citizens Advisory Council; Crowne Plaza Los  
                   Angeles International Airport Hotel; Westchester/LAX  




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                   Marina del Rey Chamber of Commerce
                   
          Opposition:Association for Los Angeles Deputy Sheriffs, Inc.;  
                   Los Angeles Police Protective League; California Peace  
                   Officers Association; California Police Chiefs  
                   Association; Los Angeles County Professional Peace  
                   Officers Association; Jack Weiss, Los Angeles City  
                   Councilmember

          Assembly Floor Vote:  Ayes  41 - Noes  31



                                         KEY ISSUE
           
          SHOULD THE PEACE OFFICER STATUS OF LOS ANGELES WORLD AIRPORT POLICE  
          OFFICERS BE RECLASSIFIED TO GRANT ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY?


                                       PURPOSE
          
          The purpose of this bill is to reclassify Los Angeles World  
          Airport Police from Penal Code section 830.33 to 830.1 status,  
          expanding their authority to perform certain tasks.
          
           Existing law  provides that the following persons are peace  
          officers with general law enforcement duties and  
          responsibilities: 

                 any sheriff, undersheriff, or deputy sheriff, employed  
               in that capacity, of a county
                 any chief of police of a city or chief, director, or  
               chief executive officer of a consolidated municipal public  
               safety agency that performs police functions
                 any police officer, employed in that capacity and  
               appointed by the chief of police or chief, director, or  
               chief executive of a public safety agency, of a city
                 any chief of police, or police officer of a district,  
               including police officers of the San Diego Unified Port  




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               District Harbor Police, authorized by statute to maintain a  
               police department
                 any marshal or deputy marshal of a superior court or  
               county
                 any port warden or port police officer of the Harbor  
               Department of the City of Los Angeles, or any inspector or  
               investigator employed in that capacity in the office of a  
               district attorney.  

          (Penal Code  830.1.)

           Existing law  provides that the following persons are peace  
          officers having special law enforcement duties and  
          responsibilities in conjunction with other primary functions: 

                 a member of the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit  
               District Police Department, as specified, if the primary  
               duty of the peace officer is the enforcement of the law in  
               or about properties owned, operated, or administered by the  
               district or when performing necessary duties with respect  
               to patrons, employees, and properties of the district;
                 harbor or port police regularly employed and paid in  
               that capacity by a county, city, or district other than  
               peace officers authorized under Section 830.1, if the  
               primary duty of the peace officer is the enforcement of the  
               law in or about the properties owned, operated, or  
               administered by the harbor or port or when performing  
               necessary duties with respect to patrons, employees, and  
               properties of the harbor or port;
                 transit police officers or peace officers of a county,  
               city, transit development board, or district, if the  
               primary duty of the peace officer is the enforcement of the  
               law in or about properties owned, operated, or administered  
               by the employing agency or when performing necessary duties  
               with respect to patrons, employees, and properties of the  
               employing agency;
                 any person regularly employed as an airport law  
               enforcement officer by a city, county, or district  
               operating the airport or by a joint powers agency, as  




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               specified, operating the airport, if the primary duty of  
               the peace officer is the enforcement of the law in or about  
               properties owned, operated, and administered by the  
               employing agency or when performing necessary duties with  
               respect to patrons, employees, and properties of the  
               employing agency;
                 any railroad police officer commissioned by the  
               Governor, as specified, if the primary duty of the peace  
               officer is the enforcement of the law in or about  
               properties owned, operated, or administered by the  
               employing agency or when performing necessary duties with  
               respect to patrons, employees, and properties of the  
               employing agency.  

          (Penal Code  830.33.)

           Existing law  requires any person or person designated as a peace  
          officer and who desires a change in peace officer designation or  
          status to request the Commission on Peace Officers Standards and  
          Training (POST) to undertake a study to assess the need for the  
          change in designation or status.  (Penal Code  13540(b).)

           This bill  would reclassify any person regularly employed as an  
          airport law enforcement officer by the Los Angeles World  
          Airports from their current peace officer status pursuant to  
          Penal Code section 830.33 to the status and authority granted  
          under Penal Code section 830.1.

                                      COMMENTS

          1.   Need for This Bill  

          According to the author:

               LAWA includes the Los Angeles International Airport  
               (LAX), the Ontario International Airport, the Palmdale  
               Regional Airport and the Van Nuys Airport. LAWA's  
               premise extends to the Manchester/Belford area  
               adjacent to and owned by LAX, which includes  




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               approximately 2,000 residents.  Currently, Los Angeles  
               World Airports (hereinafter referred to as LAWA)  
               Police Officers are to perform their duties under  
               Penal Code  830.33. 

               Since 9/11 stricter security measures have been  
               employed in airports around the nation to ensure the  
               security of travelers, airports and cities alike.   
               However, LAX is in a very unique situation since it  
               handles approximately 65 million people annually.  It  
               is the 3rd largest airport in the world in terms of  
               passenger volume and deemed as one of the state's top  
               terrorist target. 

               Although LAWA peace officers receive the same level of  
               police academy training as LAPD, in addition to  
               aviation security training, they are not given the  
               statutory authority to undertake specific actions in  
               certain scenarios.  LAWA peace officers are the first  
               responders to the scene of any dispute, accident, or  
               incident arising in its jurisdiction.   
               Disappointingly, if say a domestic dispute arises in  
               the Manchester area, a LAWA peace officer does not  
               have the legal authority to seize firearms or other  
               deadly weapons at the scene of the argument.   
               Additionally, existing law does not allow LAWA police  
               to perform the following operations considered vital  
               to the continual protection and function of the  
               airports: 

     Possess explosives for training of canines for bomb detection. 
     Seize explosives and incendiary devices.  (PC  12301.)
      Authority for officers to seize firearms or other deadly weapons at  
                 the scene of a domestic violence call.  (PC  12028.5.)
     Conduct the background investigations on people working at the  
                airports under the Federal Transportation Security Agency  
                regulations.
     Ability to keep unsafe vehicles off the public roads in and around  
                airport properties and prevent them from entering the  




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                airports.  (PC  24004.)
     Ability to issue a citation to a person involved in a traffic accident  
                where there is a reasonable cause to believe the person  
                has committed a vehicular misdemeanor or infraction. 
     Authority to inspect and enforce the sale and consumption of alcoholic  
                beverages at the airports.  (B&PC  25755.)

          2.   POST Evaluation Supports the Requested Status Change  

          POST conducts feasibility studies when a change of designation  
          is requested as to an existing peace officer position.  Bernard  
          J. Wilson, Chief of Police, Los Angeles World Airport Police  
          Department (LAWAPD), contacted POST to request a feasibility  
          study regarding a change in designation from Penal Code Section  
          830.33 to Penal Code Section 830.1.  POST completed the study on  
          June 1, 2005.  In that study, POST recommended the LAWA police  
          officers "be designated as peace officers pursuant to Penal Code  
          Section 830.1."  The report included extensive interviews of  
          LAWA officers, the Los Angeles Police Department, other local  
          law enforcement, and federal law enforcement agency.  The report  
          cited the following duties and responsibilities "requiring the  
          additional authority which would be provided by a Penal Code  
          Section 830.1 designation:

                           The need to possess explosives for the  
                    training of canines for bomb detection.
                           The requirement to seize explosives and  
                    incendiary devices, including any unclassified  
                    explosives.
                           The necessity to possess diversionary devices  
                    to immediately control any incident at airports.
                           The requirement to conduct the background  
                    investigations on the people working at airports under  
                    the Federal Transportation Security Agency  
                    regulations.
                           The authority for officers to seize firearms  
                    or other deadly weapons at the scene of domestic  
                    violence calls in and around the airport terminals, in  
                    the residential areas owned by the airports, and in  




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                    businesses under the control of LAWA.
                           The responsibility to keep unsafe vehicles off  
                    the public roads in and around airport properties and  
                    prevent them from entering the airports.
                           The function of preventing 'gridlock' on the  
                    roads leading to and leaving the airports.
                           The prevention, enforcement, and investigation  
                    of all laws of making false bomb reports and giving  
                    false reports.  
                           The need to issue a citation to a person  
                    involved in a traffic accident where there is a  
                    reasonable cause to believe the person has committed a  
                    vehicular misdemeanor or infraction."

          3.   Further Background  

          A report prepared for the Los Angeles World Airports Board of  
          Airport Commissioners recommending adoption of a resolution in  
          support of granting Penal Code section 830.1 status to Los  
          Angeles Airport Police Officers, provided the following  
          information:

               When the Penal Code statutes were enacted creating  
               different classifications of peace officers, the  
               distinction between 830.1 and 830.33 agencies was  
               clear cut.  Sheriff's deputies and municipal police  
               officers were authorized by, and granted the powers  
               of, 830.1.  Transit, airport, [and port] police were  
               granted the more limited status and powers of 830.33.   
               However, since that time several 830.33 agencies have  
               had their status and powers upgraded to 830.1 to  
               reflect changes in their responsibilities and need for  
               greater law enforcement authority in the post 9/11  
               era.  AB 1882 is similar to earlier legislation that  
               changed the Penal Code status of Los Angeles Port  
               Wardens and Police, and the San Diego Unified Port  
               District Police (which also patrols San Diego's  
               International Airport) from 830.33 to 830.1.  At the  
               present time, the Los Angeles Airport Police are the  




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               only law enforcement agency at a major California  
               airport that lacks the greater authority and powers  
               granted to law enforcement agency peace officers by  
               having the 830.1 designation.

          In May of 2005, Measure "A" was placed on the ballot in the City  
          of Los Angeles, asking voters to decide whether to amend the  
          city charter to permit security and law enforcement powers to be  
          transferred away from the Department of Airports by action of  
          the mayor and the council.  According to Smartvoter.org:

               The Airport Police agency was created to be  
               responsible for law enforcement at the city's  
               airports. It is required by the charter to remain  
               under the Airports Department's independent and  
               autonomous control.  Functions that cannot be provided  
               by the Airport Police are contracted out. The FBI and  
               the National Transportation Security Agency have  
               duties, and the Los Angeles Police Department  
               maintains a substation at LAX, with approximately 56  
               officers.  This complex situation has led to some  
               concern about confusion and coordination of safety and  
               security functions.




















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          (http://www.smartvoter.org/2005/05/17/ca/la/meas/CharterAmendment 
          -A/.)

          Measure "A" was defeated and, on June 14, 2006, the Los Angeles  
          Times reported, 

               Police Chief William J. Bratton said Tuesday that he  
               was pleased with a tentative agreement spelling out  
               the different roles and responsibilities of his police  
               force and the separate airport police at Los Angeles  
               International Airport.

               Bratton had voiced concern last week that state  
               legislation that would give the airport police more  
               authority at LAX might create confusion.  He said  
               Tuesday that a memorandum of understanding between the  
               two agencies should be finalized in a matter of days. 

               "I'm happy," the chief said.

          4.   Argument in Support  

          The Peace Officers Research Association of California (PORAC)  
          states:

               Due to two PORAC sponsored bills, the Government Code  
               requires agencies seeking peace officer status or  
               looking to move into the 830.1 Section of the Penal  
               Code to commission, at their own expense, the  
               Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training  
               (POST) to conduct a feasibility study as to whether or  
               not the authority sought by the agency is warranted.   
               Since the original bill was signed into law in 1989  
               (SB 352 (Presley)) POST has been commissioned to  
               complete twelve feasibility studies.  Ten times out of  
               the twelve studies commissioned, POST recommended  
               against the agencies request for new or different  
               authority.





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               It has been long agreed by the Legislature and by the  
               law enforcement community that the best authority on  
               peace officer jurisdiction, authority, and status is  
               the Commission on POST.  They are the foremost  
               authority in this area in the country, and their  
               recommendation in this area has been followed by this  
               Legislature for the past three decades.  For PORAC,  
               the Commission's recommendation that these peace  
               officers employed by the Los Angeles World Airports be  
               moved to the 830.1 Section of the Penal Code, is one  
               that we respect and fully support.  With the increased  
               duties and requirements placed on these peace  
               officers, both federally and by the state, we hope the  
               Legislature will recognize the need for this bill and  
               will support AB 1882.

          5.   Argument in Opposition

           The California Peace Officers' Association states:

               Currently [Los Angeles World Airports Police Division]  
               contracts with LAPD, an 830.1 agency, to provide over  
               50 officers per day on an overtime basis for the  
               purpose of providing fixed post security at the  
               passenger screening checkpoints, as well as motorcycle  
               patrol within the Central Terminal Area.  Since LAWAPD  
               is already in need of using outside personnel to  
               fulfill its existing mission, CPOA questions the  
               wisdom of further diluting their important mission by  
               reclassifying them to 830.1 status.  

          SHOULD THE PEACE OFFICER STATUS OF LOS ANGELES WORLD AIRPORT  
          POLICE OFFICERS BE RECLASSIFIED TO GRANT ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY?



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