BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    



                                                                       


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                                 THIRD READING


          Bill No:  SB 666
          Author:   Bowen (D)
          Amended:  As introduced
          Vote:     21

           
           SENATE ENERGY, U.&C. COMMITTEE  :  9-0, 4/8/03
          AYES:  Bowen, Morrow, Alarcon, Battin, Dunn, McClintock,  
            Murray, Sher, Vasconcellos

           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE  :  5-0, 4/22/03
          AYES:  Escutia, Ackerman, Cedillo, Ducheny, Kuehl

           SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE  :  Senate Rule 28.8 


           SUBJECT  :    Emergency 911 service

           SOURCE  :     Author


           DIGEST  :    This bill requires the State Department of  
          General Services to report annually to the Legislature on  
          the status of implementing wireless 911 service.  The bill  
          also requires the State Department of Consumer Affairs to  
          convene a working group to make recommendations for a state  
          privacy policy related to customer location information of  
          users of wireless communications services.

           ANALYSIS  :    Current law provides for a program where  
          telephone customers can dial "911" to directly contact  
          emergency response personnel.  That program is administered  
          by the Communications Division of the Department of General  
          Services (DGS).
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          Current law requires 911 calls from wireless phones to  
          first go to the California Highway Patrol (CHP) unless a  
          local public safety agency reaches agreement with the CHP  
          and DGS that the call should first be routed to the local  
          public safety agency.

          This bill requires the Communications Division to annually  
          report to the Legislature on the status of implementing  
          "911" service in connection with wireless telephones.

          Current law creates the Office of Privacy Protection (OPP)  
          within the Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA).

          This bill requires OPP to convene a working group of  
          wireless telecommunications service providers and users, as  
          well as privacy policy experts, to recommend a state  
          privacy policy related to customer location information on  
          users of wireless communications services.

           Background
           
          Wireless telephones are marvels of modern technology and  
          have proven to be remarkably useful.  This utility has been  
          demonstrated in the United States, where there are more  
          than 144 million wireless subscribers, and worldwide, where  
          nearly 500 million wireless phones will be sold this year.   
          Wireless phones often provide superior functionality to  
          traditional telephones.  However, they have some  
          shortcomings, one of which relates to their ability to  
          deliver 911 emergency service.

          When 911 is called from traditional telephones, the public  
          safety answer point (PSAP), which is the police, fire,  
          sheriff, or CHP dispatch center that answers the call, is  
          automatically provided with the caller's telephone number  
          and street address.  This information is critical to  
          providing rapid and accurate emergency response.  It's  
          particularly helpful because in times of emergency,  
          flustered callers can fumble this basic information - or  
          they many not be in a position to provide it.  

          However, when 911 is called from a wireless phone, the  
          calling number is only sporadically provided and location  







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          information is never provided.

          The lack of location information for wireless 911 calls has  
          delayed emergency response, and in some instances, resulted  
          in a loss of life. Providing location information on  
          wireless 911 calls is particularly useful precisely because  
          the users are mobile and probably aren't calling from home.  
          The federal government has required wireless phone  
          companies to provide location information on 911 calls.   
          Several types of location technologies are proposed,  
          including requiring wireless phones to employ a Global  
          Positioning System (GPS) chip or alternatively using a  
          triangulation method based on wireless phone signal  
          strength and timing of receipt of the signal at adjacent  
          wireless phone towers.  The accuracy standard is for 95% of  
          wireless phones to be located within 50 meters of their  
          true position by the end of 2005.  This true position  
          includes latitude and longitude, but not elevation.

          Providing location information requires three actions.   
          First, the wireless phone networks must be capable of  
          supplying the location information.  Second, for some  
          wireless phone companies, the handset must be upgraded to  
          work with the wireless phone network.  Third, the PSAPs  
          must be upgraded to make use of the location information.   
          Responsibility for these actions is dispersed between the  
          wireless phone company (network upgrade), the customer  
          (handset upgrade), and the Communications Division and  
          PSAPs (PSAP equipment upgrade).

          The ability of wireless phone companies to provide location  
          information on wireless phone customers is a double-edged  
          sword.  While useful for emergency response, such location  
          information could be used for commercial purposes.  A  
          customer walking past a Starbucks may receive a call from  
          that Starbucks offering a special on a double-decaf mocha  
          latte.  More threateningly, location technology allows for  
          unprecedented opportunity to follow someone and know  
          exactly where and when they've been all day.  This raises a  
          host of legal and civil liberty questions about who has or  
          should have access to the data, whether it's proprietary,  
          subject to subpoena, available for sale, and much more. 

           Comments  







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          Part I - Wireless 911  .  The promise of wireless 911  
          location technology has yet to become a reality.  The first  
          part of this bill requires the DGS Communications Division  
          to begin providing the Legislature with annual updates  
          (beginning in March 2004) on the status of implementation  
          of a wireless 911 system with location information. 

           Part II - Should Your Wireless Phone Serve As A LoJack  ?  As  
          noted above, the ability of wireless phone companies to  
          provide location information on wireless phone customers  
          has a number of privacy, civil liberty, and legal  
          implications.

          TRUSTe, a non-profit organization active in Internet  
          commerce issues, is working on a wireless privacy project  
          in conjunction with some wireless carriers, privacy  
          advocates, and electronic commerce advocates.  This bill  
          requires the OPP to convene a working group of privacy  
          interests and recommend a privacy policy to the Legislature  
          by July 1, 2004.

           FISCAL EFFECT  :    Appropriation:  No   Fiscal Com.:  Yes    
          Local:  No

          NC:sl  5/5/03   Senate Floor Analyses 

                       SUPPORT/OPPOSITION:  NONE RECEIVED

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