BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






                           SENATE JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
                            Martha M. Escutia, Chair
                           2001-2002 Regular Session


          AB 1467                                                A
          Assembly Member Kehoe                                  B
          As Amended July 5, 2001
          Hearing Date:  August 21, 2001                         1
          Health and Safety Code                                 4
          CJW:cjt                                                6
                                                                 7

                                     SUBJECT
                                         
                                    Housing

                                   DESCRIPTION  

          This bill would allow a court to appoint a non-profit  
          organization or community development corporation as a  
          receiver for a substandard building, and would allow a  
          receiver, with court approval, to record a lien against the  
          property to recover the costs of any services performed as  
          a receiver.

          This bill also would extend the application of current law  
          allowing the City of Los Angeles to abate nuisances in  
          vacant single-family dwellings, and to set a preference for  
          repair only for homes with a less than 50 percent need for  
          repair, to apply to all vacant dwellings in the Cities of  
          Los Angeles and San Diego. 

                                    BACKGROUND 

          According to a recent article in the California Land Use  
          Law & Policy Reporter, vacant and substandard housing is a  
          significant problem for many California communities.   
          Houses and apartments that fall into disrepair eventually  
          become vacant, get vandalized and damaged, and become  
          occupied by vagrants and gangs.  These properties then  
          become virtually unmarketable.

          With home prices high and housing stock woefully inadequate  
          in many communities, the existence of these unusable and  
                                                                 
          (more)



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          unsafe houses is especially frustrating.  The appointment  
          of a receiver to oversee their management, repair, and  
          rehabilitation - including the recruitment of rent-paying  
          tenants -- is viewed by many experts as a crucial tool in  
          the rescue of these properties.

          Generally, receivers are appointed when the property  
          generates income sufficient to finance repairs and pay the  
          receivers' other expenses - a prerequisite that discourages  
          receiverships for vacant and severely deteriorated  
          properties.  By allowing nonprofit and community  
          foundations, which are authorized to apply for and receive  
          grant monies, to act as receivers, this bill would expand  
          communities' available options to rehabilitate their vacant  
          housing stock.

          Further, this bill would allow the City of San Diego to  
          avail itself of legislation that currently allows the City  
          of Los Angeles to demolish houses that need repairs to over  
          50 percent of the structure.  The bill also would shorten  
          the required notice period to owners of vacant substandard  
          dwellings in these cities from 30 to 15 days. 

                             CHANGES TO EXISTING LAW
           
           1.   Existing law  provides that a housing code enforcement  
            agency, tenant, or tenant organization may seek, and the  
            court may order, the appointment of a receiver for any  
            substandard building, where the owner of the building was  
            served with a notice or order for abatement of  
            substandard conditions and failed to comply within a  
            reasonable period.  [Health and Safety Code Sec.  
            17980.7.]

             Existing law  further provides that the court shall not  
            appoint any person as a receiver unless the person has  
            demonstrated to the court his or her capacity and  
            expertise to develop and supervise a viable financial and  
            construction plan for the satisfactory rehabilitation of  
            the building.  [  Id  .]

             This bill  would provide that a court may appoint as a  
            receiver a nonprofit organization or community  
            development corporation.

                                                                       




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             This bill  further would provide that, in addition to the  
            duties and powers that may be granted pursuant to this  
            section, a nonprofit organization or community  
            development corporation appointed as a receiver may also  
            apply for grants to assist in the rehabilitation of the  
            building.

           2.   Existing law  provides that a receiver appointed  
            pursuant to this section may borrow funds to pay for  
            necessary repairs and relocation benefits authorized  
            pursuant to this section and, with court approval, may  
            secure that debt with a lien on the real property on  
            which the substandard building is located.  [  Id  .]

             This bill  further would provide that a receiver appointed  
            pursuant to this section may, with court approval, secure  
            any debt for moneys owed to the receiver for services  
            performed pursuant to this section with a lien on the  
            real property on which the substandard building is  
            located.

           3.   Existing law  provides that if any building is  
            constructed, altered or maintained in violation of any  
            provision of the state housing law or its associated  
            regulations, or if a nuisance exists on the property, an  
            enforcement agency shall, after giving the owner 30 days'  
            notice to abate the violation or nuisance, institute any  
            appropriate action to prevent, restrain, correct, or  
            abate the violation or nuisance.  [Health and Safety Code  
            Sec. 17980.] 

             Existing law  further provides that the owner of a  
            building in violation under this part shall be given the  
            choice to repair or demolish the building.  If the owner  
            fails to timely repair the building, the agency may take  
            appropriate action to bring the building into compliance,  
            including repair or demolition, but shall give preference  
            to repair when no more than 75 percent of the building is  
            in need of repair.  [  Id  .]

             Existing law  further provides that, notwithstanding  
            Section 17980, when the building at issue is a vacant  
            single-family dwelling located within the City of Los  
            Angeles, the enforcement agency need only give preference  
            to repair when no more than 50 percent of the building is  
                                                                       




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            in need of repair.  [Health and Safety Code Sec.  
            17980.9.]

             This bill  would extend the application of Section 17980.9  
            to the City of San Diego, would reduce the required  
            notice period before an enforcement agency shall take  
            action to correct or abate a violation or nuisance to 15  
            days' notice, and would delete "single-family," making  
            the section applicable to all vacant dwellings in the  
            Cities of Los Angeles and San Diego.

                                     COMMENT
           
          1.   Stated need for legislation

             The City of San Diego, sponsor of this bill, states that  
            the vacant structures common to big cities are breeding  
            grounds for vandalism, trespassing, drug-dealing and  
            other crimes.  In San Diego alone, there are 175 vacant  
            substandard single-family dwellings, and 50 more that are  
            suspected of being substandard.

            This bill seeks to alleviate these problems by allowing  
            nonprofit corporations or community development  
            organizations to become receivers of substandard  
            buildings, and by allowing for earlier intervention for  
            repair or demolition of vacant dwellings in the Cities of  
            San Diego and Los Angeles.

            The sponsor notes that, while the bill makes no  
            substantive change to the law of receiverships, it  
            increases the options available to communities to repair  
            buildings with little or no cash flow.  By allowing  
            nonprofit and community development organizations to  
            become receivers, this bill would recognize a new source  
            of highly motivated receivers with the ability to obtain  
            grants, attract volunteer labor, and accept in-kind  
            donations to help restore substandard properties.  The  
            bill also makes explicit that a receiver may recover the  
            costs of any services performed through a lien on the  
            property.

            Presumably, a successful rehabilitation could result in a  
            property sale at a price exceeding the lien for repairs  
            and receivership costs, leading to the ironic result that  
                                                                       




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            a slumlord could end up making a profit off of a  
            neglected property ordered into receivership.  The  
            sponsor believes that this would be a small price to pay,  
            however, in exchange for rescuing a substandard building  
            from a neglectful owner and making it an enhancement  
            instead of a detriment to the surrounding community. 

           2.   Sponsor says reduction of waiting period won't limit  
            due process 

            This bill also would reduce from 30 to 15 days the  
            waiting period for San Diego and Los Angeles to commence  
            enforcement actions for a nuisance or violation at a  
            vacant residence.  The sponsor states that the usual  
            notice process in these cases is that the notice is  
            issued and ignored; this provision would allow the city  
            to commence repairs more quickly.

            In response to concerns that the reduced waiting period  
            might lead to the bulldozing of properties 15 days after  
            the initial posting of a violation notice, when an owner  
            might have been out of town, the sponsor indicates that  
            whether the city proceeds administratively or through the  
            criminal process, the expiration of the initial notice  
            period does not lead straight to abatement.  First, the  
            city sends the owner a notice and order to show cause as  
            to why abatement should not occur, which leads to either  
            an administrative hearing or a court appearance at which  
            the city makes its case for abatement and the owner has  
            the opportunity to respond.

            Finally, the bill would make it easier for these cities  
            to require demolition of a substandard dwelling instead  
            of repair.  According to the sponsor, demolition is a  
            remedy of last resort, but the current standard of  
            preference for repair when 75 percent of the building  
            requires repair is uneconomical.  This provision would  
            give the city more flexibility to make decisions about  
            substandard housing on a case-by-case basis.

           3.   Suggested amendment:  Section 17980.9  

            On page 8, line 34 of the bill, the author may wish to  
            delete the term "single-family" for consistency with the  
            rest of the amendments to this section.
                                                                       




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          Support:   California Rural Legal Assistance Foundation;  
                 City of San Diego; San Diego Advocates for Social  
                 Justice; Western Center on Law and Poverty

          Opposition:  None Known

                                     HISTORY
           
          Source:  City of San Diego

           Related Pending Legislation:  AB 472 (Cedillo), 2001-2002  
                                (would require receivers to notify  
                                courts of needed repairs, and would  
                                require owners to pay relocation  
                                benefits for tenants evicted for  
                                repairs) (pending in Senate Judiciary  
                                Committee) 

          Prior Legislation:  None Known

          Prior Vote:   Assembly Committee on Housing and Community  
          Development 9-0
                   Assembly Floor 72-2
                   Senate Committee on Housing and Community  
                   Development 5-1

                   
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