BILL ANALYSIS                                                                                                                                                                                                    






          
                SENATE HOUSING & COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
                         Senator Joseph L. Dunn, Chair


          Bill No:                             AB 1467Hearing: July  
          2, 2001
          Author:                               KehoeFiscal: No
          Version:                              June 19,  
          2001Consultant: Mark Stivers
          
                 CODE ENFORCEMENT: RECEIVERSHIP AND DEMOLITION

           Background and Existing Law  :

          The California Building Standards Code (Title 24 of the  
          California Code of Regulations) contains building standards  
          and regulations as adopted by the California Building  
          Standards Commission.  Buildings are considered substandard  
          under state law if violation of building standards results  
          in any of the following conditions:

           Inadequate sanitation
           Structural hazards
           Nuisances
           Unsafe or inoperable wiring, plumbing, mechanical  
            equipment
           Faulty weather protection
           Other fire, health or safety hazards

          Building codes are generally enforced by local building  
          officials.  When violations are discovered, a building  
          official sends the owner a letter notifying him or her of  
          the deficiency.  Except in cases of imminent danger, owners  
          are then generally given at least 30 days to correct the  
          violation.  If violations remain uncorrected after 30 days,  
          the code officials may institute any appropriate action or  
          proceeding to correct building code violations or abate  
          nuisances.

          When the structure is in a substandard condition, the  
          agency is required to commence actions to ensure correction  
          of the violations by repair, rehabilitation, or demolition.  
           The choice to repair or demolish is up to the owner, but  
          if the owner chooses repair, he or she must comply with the  
          agency's reasonable and feasible schedule for compliance.   




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          If the owner does not choose or fails to adhere to the  
          compliance schedule, the agency may repair or demolish the  
          unit itself.  The agency is required to give preference for  
          repair when it is economically feasible to do so without  
          having to repair more than 75% of the dwelling.  For  
          vacant, substandard single-family homes in its  
          jurisdiction, the City of Los Angeles must give preference  
          to repair if less than 50% of the building requires repair.

          If the violations are so extensive and of such a nature  
          that the health and safety of residents or the public is  
          substantially endangered and the owner does not comply with  
          a repair order within a reasonable amount of time, the  
          enforcement agency, a tenant or tenant association may  
          petition the court to appoint a receiver for the property.   
          The receiver effectively takes control of the property,  
          collecting rents, paying debts and expenses, and making the  
          necessary repairs to the property.  The receiver is  
          discharged by the court when the violations have been  
          remedied and a complete accounting of all costs and repairs  
          has been delivered to the court.


           Proposed Law  :

          Assembly Bill 1467 allows a court to appoint a non-profit  
          organization or community development corporation as a  
          receiver for a substandard building and allows a receiver  
          to record a lien against the property to recover the costs  
          of any services performed as a receiver.

          With respect to vacant single-family dwellings, the bill  
          allows the cities of Los Angeles and San Diego to initiate  
          any appropriate action to correct the violations or abate  
          the nuisances after 15 days notice to the owner.  The bill  
          also extends to the City of San Diego the lowered  
          preference for repair of a substandard home.  The city must  
          only give preference to repair when less than 50% of the  
          dwelling, as opposed to 75%, requires repair.

           Comments  :

          1.   Purpose of the bill  .  The sponsor of the bill, the City  
          of San Diego, is aggressively attempting to revitalize its  
          neighborhoods by cracking down on substandard residential  
          dwellings.  Such properties often become havens for  




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          vandalism, trespassing, drug-dealing and other illegal  
          activities.  This bill is intended to facilitate these  
          revitalization efforts.

          According to the sponsor, the appointment of a receiver for  
          substandard properties can be a powerful tool to correct  
          extensive and chronic health and safety violations.   
          Substandard properties that are heavily encumbered, are  
          vacant, or do not generate income, however, make poor  
          candidates for receivership because there is no cash flow  
          to pay for the costs of repair and the receiver's own  
          expenses.  While the bill doesn't substantively change the  
          law with respect to receiverships, it highlights mechanisms  
          that can be used to repair properties with little cash  
          flow.  The bill explicitly states that non-profits and CDCs  
          may be appointed as receivers.  Such organizations have the  
          ability to obtain grants to rehabilitate the property and  
          may be able to bring other resources, such as volunteer  
          labor and in-kind donations, to the property.  In addition,  
          the bill makes explicit that a receiver may recover the  
          costs of any services performed through a lien on the  
          property.

          San Diego has at least 175 vacant and substandard single  
          family residences and an additional 50 homes that are  
          vacant and suspected substandard dwellings.  Once an order  
          or notice has been issued and ignored, the city would like  
          to be able to intervene sooner to correct code violations.   
          In addition, the city would like to make it easier to  
          demolish substandard homes.  Reducing the waiting period  
          for the city to commence enforcement actions and lessening  
          the preference for repair will facilitate the expeditious  
          repair or demolition of substandard dwellings.

          2.   Quick on the draw  .  The bill reduces from 30 to 15 days  
          the waiting period for San Diego and Los Angeles to  
          commence enforcement actions for any type of code violation  
          at a vacant single-family residence, not just those that  
          create a nuisance or result in substandard conditions.   
          While 15 days may be appropriate for more serious  
          violations, this time period may be too short for  
          violations that do not require immediate action.  The  
          committee may wish to consider an amendment to limit the  
          15-day trigger to nuisances or substandard conditions.
          
          3.   When is repair the better choice  ?  The bill makes it  




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          easier for the City of San Diego to require demolition of a  
          substandard single-family home instead of repair.  As  
          opposed to a preference for repair when less than 75% of  
          the structure requires repair, the bill sets the percentage  
          at 50%.  According to the City of San Diego, demolition is  
          a last resort, but it is generally uneconomical to  
          rehabilitate a home that requires 75% repair.  This  
          provision in intended to give the city additional  
          flexibility to make decisions about substandard homes on a  
          case-by-case basis.  The impact of this change is likely to  
          be less than it appears.  Because code enforcement agencies  
          are wary of being sued, buildings requiring 60% or more  
          repair may be demolished, but homes that hover anywhere  
          near the 50% figure will still be repaired.

          4.   Double referral .  The Senate Rules Committee referred  
          AB 1467 to the Senate Housing and Community Development  
          Committee and the Senate Judiciary Committee.  If AB 1467  
          passes, the bill must be re-referred to Senate Judiciary  
          Committee.

          5.   Conflict with AB 472  .  This measure has significant  
          chaptering conflicts with AB 472 (Cedillo).  At a later  
          date, the author may want to take chaptering amendments  
          that will remove these conflicts.

           Related Legislation  :

          AB 472 (Cedillo) Requires property owners to pay relocation  
          benefits within a specified time period and creates a  
          process for receivers and tenants of any real property  
          subject to receivership to file a motion requesting  
          instructions from the court to address substandard  
          conditions or a dispute concerning the powers or duties of  
          the receiver.
           
          Previous Action  :

          Assembly Floor:                         72-2
          Assembly Housing and Community Development:  9-0

           Support and Opposition  :  (6/27/)

           Support  :  City of San Diego (sponsor)

           Opposition  :  None received




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